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System Design Card 378 — API Design / Structure

API Design — BASIC step map

Concern

APIs reveal system boundaries, product semantics, idempotency, and the shape of client interaction. A create-notification endpoint should expose enough information about delivery state and retries to support real clients.

Worth pausing here during practice.

What Structure means for this concern

In BASIC, the Structure step is where you turn the chosen trade-offs into a clear high-level architecture and request flow. For API Design, that means the candidate should make this concern visible at the right moment instead of bolting it on at the end.

Design move

A good move is to make the plan visible before full execution. Tie the concern back to the user flow, the workload, and the dominant trade-off. That keeps the design grounded and makes it easier for the interviewer to follow why a cache, queue, replica, partition, or rate limiter is actually necessary.

Common miss

The miss is staying at box level and never specifying how callers actually use the system. BASIC helps because the staged flow keeps this concern proportional to the prompt and connected to the rest of the architecture.

BASIC prompt

“When I reach the Structure stage, how does API Design change the architecture, the trade-offs, or the review checklist?”

Common trap
Many candidates treat Structure and Implement as the same step. They start writing code while still figuring out the approach. The result is code that wanders — corrections mid-loop, variable names that stop making sense, backtracking that wastes time. Separate the plan from the execution.

References

S9 S14 S15

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